Poet lost years of work in Sanibel fireBy Glenn Miller
Originally posted on October 20, 2006
Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Edna St. Vincent Millay, who vacationed on Sanibel Island with her husband, Eugen Boissevain.
A distressing moment for one of America's premier poets burst into her life with a fiery flash on a warm spring evening 70 years ago as she and her husband walked along a Sanibel Island beach. The date was May 2, 1936. The high temperature that day was 87. It was a Saturday.
The island was quiet, warm and serene. That was about to change — at least the quiet and serene part.
Edna St. Vincent Millay and her husband, Eugen Boissevain, had taken a ferry from Punta Rassa. Maybe they came over on The Gladys, a ferry operated by the Kinzie Brothers Steamer Line. This was 27 years before the first bridge to the island was stretched across San Carlos Bay. Only about 200 people lived on Sanibel. Edna and Eugen checked in to the Sanibel Palms Hotel, not far from the ferry landing on the 12-mile island's east end.
At the time, Millay was one of America's most famous women. She was the first woman awarded the Pulitzer Prize for poetry, in 1923. She read her poems on national radio hook-ups in the days before television.
"Back in her time she was better known than any poet is known today by the mainstream public," said Dr. Jim Brock, a Florida Gulf Coast University associate professor of English.
Edna and Eugen dropped off their luggage, according to an account in "Savage Beauty," the 2001 biography of the poet by Nancy Milford.
As they started their walk, Eugen returned to the car and fetched Edna's one and only manuscript copy of "Conversation at Midnight." He dropped it off with the rest of their luggage and the couple continued their walk, scanning the sand for seashells, perhaps glancing across the way at Fort Myers Beach.
At one point, they turned around. The hotel was in flames. Everything, according to Milford's account and a News-Press report from 1936, was lost. That included the manuscript, Edna's 17th century copy of poems by Catullus, an ancient Roman poet, and an emerald ring.
Sam Bailey, now 82, was a 12-year-old boy living on Sanibel in 1936. He can still, sort of, recall the fire and famous poet.
"Vaguely," said Bailey, a member of a family that has been on the island since the 1890s. "I didn't really see it until after it was burning. I don't know why. I can't remember where I was."
Well, it was 70 years ago. ...
A 1929 Ford A coupe was advertised for sale for $98 at Forehand Tire Co., 2210 Jackson St. in Fort Myers. Al Jolson's "The Singing Kid" was playing in the Arcade Theater in downtown Fort Myers. Sunshine Markets, the "stores of personal service" on Hendry Street, was advertising a four-pound carton of lard for 50 cents. Savvy shoppers could snag eight pounds of lard for 95 cents! A large package of Rinso was on sale for 23 cents.
A big story in the May 3, 1936, paper may have foreshadowed the 2006 movie "Snakes on a Plane": A News-Press front-page headline that third day of May was "Loose snakes capture car." The newspaper reported that snakes got loose on the express car of a train from Fort Lauderdale to Detroit.
Lower on the front page May 3, 1936, was this headline: "Fire Razes Palms Hotel at Sanibel."
This is what the paper reported: "The Palms Hotel, owned and operated by Mr. and Mrs. Webb Shanahan, on Sanibel Island burned to the ground last night in a fire which was started by an explosion of a kerosene heater on the second floor. ... It was reported that the Shanahans and their guests lost everything including clothing, personal effects and furniture."
Those losses included Edna St. Vincent Millay's only copy of "Conversation at Midnight," a long verse drama. Gone. Gone in a flash.
On May 4, 1936, in a follow-up story the newspaper reported on Millay's losses, referring to her as a "noted poetess."
Newspaper readers that day read this: "Among Miss Millay's losses were a large number of unpublished manuscripts. She had spent the past two years in preparing one of them."
"It was a major tragedy," Eugen wrote in a letter that was published in "Savage Beauty."
The definitive Millay biography has this note Edna wrote to a friend after the fire: "O, Florida, O, cold Florida! Could any state be horrida?"
The Poetess
Well, it could have been worse, of course. It could have, indeed, been "horrida."
This May 4 headline implied far worse: "Edna St. Vincent Millay Victim of Sanibel Blaze."
Millay wasn't injured, let alone killed. She and Eugen survived the blaze. They weren't in the hotel as it burned.
Perhaps the most famous words of Millay's writing career, from a poem titled "First Fig," presaged the blaze — sort of. In 1918, Millay published the following:
"My candle burns at both ends;
it will not last the night;
but ah, my foes, and oh, my friends —
it gives a lovely light!"
That candle supplied a metaphorical flame. The flames on Sanibel on May 2, 1936, were all too real and not lovely. Although she lost the manuscript, Millay was able to rewrite "Conversation at Midnight" from memory.
"It's amazing that she could bring back any of it," Milford said in an interview.
Surely it wasn't easy, either coping with the blaze or re-writing the long drama. Milford said all of the poet's clothes were lost in the fire. Edna and Eugen then drove to their home in upstate New York. It was an unpleasant journey.
"She had this linen suit," Milford said. "By time she hit North Carolina, she was devastated and rumpled."
Sanibel oldtimers and local history buffs know about Millay and the blaze. Local author Randy Wayne White's most recent novel, "Dark Light," includes a look at Sanibel in the past and a reference to Millay. A character in the book, Arlis Futch, a crusty old Sanibel coot, offers this description of the poet:
"I met Mrs. Millay. She was nice. Smart, too, and she knew it, which wasn't considered polite for women in those days. That's probably why some folks gossiped about her. Not the locals — it was always outsiders. She liked her whiskey, that's what I heard. She liked men, too. Young ones. And girls. What they mostly talked about was her being a commie."
That description was read to Milford. She chuckled at the implication, albeit from a very old character in a work of fiction, that Millay was a communist.
"Certainly not a communist," Milford said.
Millay, though, was colorful and talented and alluring. Friends called her "Vincent."
"She was too beautiful to live among mortals," poet Richard Eberhardt wrote in a foreword to a collection of Millay poems published in 1991.
Many men were smitten during her life and even now, 56 years after her death in 1950 at 58.
"It's easy to fall in love with her," said Brock, the FGCU professor.
Sanibel Island resident Joe Pacheco is 76 and has admired Millay since his youth.
"I grew up on her poetry," Pacheco said. "When I was young, an adolescent, she was still the most famous of American poets. She was still the one we read in high school."
The hotel
When Edna and Eugen stepped off the ferry on that May day 70 years ago, they came to an island far different from the one we know today. Now, the area around the lighthouse is filled with evidence of the 21st century, with words of warning to tourists and locals posted on signs.
"Did you pay to park?"
“No feeding wild birds.”
“Non-resident fishing license required.”
“Live shelling prohibited.”
A sign by the boardwalk over dunes has 10 dos and don’ts. A city ordinance and a Florida Department of Environmental Protection rule are both quoted by number. In 1936, there were certainly no such signs on the island.
Francis Bailey, 85, grew up on Sanibel. When the fire engulfed the hotel, Bailey was 15 and away at Virginia Episcopal School, a boarding school in Lynchburg, Va. He remembers the hotel.
“It was the home of the Shanahans, Pearly Shanahan and Webb Shanahan,” Bailey said. “He was the mail carrier during my young life. His father was a lighthouse keeper prior to that. I don’t know where she came from. She had a beautiful voice and played organ at church.”
He also recalls they had daughters named Snooky and Lorraine. There was plenty of room on the island for poets and other tourists to wander around.
“It (the hotel) was set off by itself,” Bailey said.
The area near the lighthouse is now filled with condos and houses and hotels. At times, traffic may be as thick as mosquitoes were in the 1930s. Sanibel was an isolated, little-known place 70 years ago.
“We had a ferry,” Francis Bailey said. “We had a mailboat. We didn’t have any problems. I wish to hell it was that way now.”
Sam Bailey, three years younger than his brother, can still see the old Palms Hotel and the Shanahan family.
“They lived downstairs,” Sam Bailey said. “It was a big home and the Depression came on, everybody was trying to make a buck. There weren’t two hotels on the island at the time.”
Then the fire came to the two-story frame building. Whoosh! It didn’t take long.
“Old Florida pine,” Sam Bailey said of the wood used to build the hotel. “It’s just impossible to save anything.”
The hotel was lost. The manuscript was lost. Millay, though, reconstructed “Conversation at Midnight.”
Now, 70 years after the fire and 56 years since her death, Edna St. Vincent Millay is still remembered and her poems are still read, long after the ashes of the Palms Hotel began floating away on a warm spring evening.